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Guides · 15 articles
How CGC and CBCS grade comics, what the labels and numbers mean, and how to read a slab before you buy.
Grading
A CGC graded comic is a comic book that Certified Guaranty Company (CGC) has examined, assigned a numeric grade from 0.5 to 10.0, and sealed in a tamper-evident plastic holder with a label that records the grade, the page quality and any restoration. The holder and label let a buyer trust the condition without opening the book.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
Comics are graded on a 10-point scale that runs from 0.5 (Poor) to 10.0 (Gem Mint), with 25 steps in between. Graders assess the book's structure, surface, spine, corners, page quality and completeness, then assign the highest grade the worst significant defect allows. CGC and CBCS both use this scale, which comes from the Overstreet grading standard.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
CGC (founded 2000) and CBCS (founded 2014) are the two main third-party comic grading companies in the United States. Both grade on the same 10-point scale and encapsulate books in tamper-evident holders. CGC has the larger census and the deeper resale market, so its slabs often carry a modest premium; CBCS is known for its signature verification, which authenticates signatures after the fact rather than requiring a witness.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
The colour of a CGC label tells you what kind of grade you are looking at before you read a word: blue (Universal) means an unrestored book graded on its own merits, yellow (Signature Series) means a signature witnessed by CGC, purple (Restored) means the book has been repaired or altered, and green (Qualified) means one significant defect has been set aside from the grade.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
A Signature Series comic is a book that was signed by a creator or celebrity in front of a CGC-authorised witness and then graded and sealed with a yellow label naming the signer. Because the signing was witnessed, the signature is guaranteed authentic without any later analysis. CBCS's equivalent is the yellow Verified Signature label.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
A restored comic has been repaired or altered to improve its appearance: colour touch to hide wear, tears sealed with glue, missing pieces replaced, edges trimmed, chemical cleaning, re-glossing or pages married in from another copy. CGC and CBCS disclose restoration on a purple label with the extent and quality of the work, and restored copies sell at a steep discount to unrestored copies of the same grade.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
Page quality describes the colour of a comic's interior paper, from White through Off-White, Cream and Tan to Brittle. It is printed on the grading label separately from the numeric grade. Whiter pages mean the paper has aged less, so between two copies with the same grade the one with whiter pages is worth more and is a safer long-term hold.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
A qualified grade, shown on a green CGC label, means the book has one significant defect that was excluded from the grade and described on the label instead — a missing coupon, a detached cover, a cut-out, or an unverified signature. The number describes the book apart from that defect, so a green-label 8.0 is not equivalent to a blue-label 8.0.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
No — pressing is not restoration. Both CGC and CBCS treat pressing, which uses heat and pressure to flatten bends, dents and spine rolls, as an acceptable process because it adds nothing to the book. It often raises a grade by a step or two by removing exactly the defects that decide borderline grades, which is why most high-value submissions are pressed first.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
The CGC census is CGC's public count of every comic it has graded, broken down by title, issue and grade. Looking up a book tells you how many copies exist in each grade and on each label type, which is the single most useful number for judging scarcity and pricing a graded copy.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
Every CGC label carries a certification number. Enter it in the certification lookup on CGC's website and the record shows the title, issue, grade, label type, page quality and key comments that were assigned to that number. If the record does not match the slab in front of you, do not buy it. CBCS offers the same lookup for its labels.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
Newton rings are the faint rainbow or oily-looking patterns you sometimes see through the front of a slab where the inner well touches the comic's cover. They are an optical effect caused by two smooth surfaces pressed close together, not damage to the book, and they do not affect the grade. They are cosmetic and often disappear if the book is reholdered.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
A raw comic is one that has not been encapsulated by a grading company. It may never have been graded, or it may have been cracked out of a slab. Raw books are cheaper to buy and can be read and handled, but the buyer has to trust the seller's description of condition and restoration, which is why reputable sellers provide full scans and a grade estimate.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
Grade a comic when the certified grade will add more value than the grading fee, shipping and insurance cost — which is usually true for key issues, first appearances, high-grade copies of collectible books, and anything you intend to sell to a wide audience. Do not grade common, low-value or heavily worn books unless you want them protected for sentimental reasons.
Updated Sep 14, 2026
Grading
Grading fees are charged per book and depend on the service tier, which is set by the book's declared value and the turnaround you choose, plus return shipping and insurance. Economy tiers for low-value modern books are the cheapest and slowest; high-value and express tiers cost considerably more. Fees change regularly, so always check CGC's or CBCS's current price list rather than a guide.
Updated Sep 14, 2026