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Grading & authentication

CGC vs CBCS: what is the difference?

Published Sep 14, 2026 · Updated Sep 14, 2026 · 2 min read

Short answerCGC (founded 2000) and CBCS (founded 2014) are the two main third-party comic grading companies in the United States. Both grade on the same 10-point scale and encapsulate books in tamper-evident holders. CGC has the larger census and the deeper resale market, so its slabs often carry a modest premium; CBCS is known for its signature verification, which authenticates signatures after the fact rather than requiring a witness.

The two companies

CGC — Certified Guaranty Company — began grading comics in 2000 and is part of the Certified Collectibles Group in Sarasota, Florida. It has graded many millions of comics and its census is the reference most price data is organised around.

CBCS — Comic Book Certification Service — was founded in 2014 in Dallas, Texas by Steve Borock, who had been CGC's first primary grader, and has been part of Beckett Collectibles since 2018.

Where they are the same

  • Both grade on the 10-point scale and their numbers are meant to be comparable.
  • Both check for restoration and disclose it on the label.
  • Both use tamper-evident holders and publish a certification lookup.
  • Both note page quality, pedigree and key-issue information on the label.

Where they differ

Signatures. CGC's yellow Signature Series label requires a CGC-authorised witness to watch the signing. CBCS offers the same witnessed service (its yellow Verified Signature label) but also a red Authentic Signature label for signatures that were not witnessed and are authenticated afterwards by handwriting experts. If you own a book signed years ago at a convention, only CBCS can put that signature on a label.

Market size. Because CGC has been grading longer and has graded far more books, more sales data exists for CGC slabs and more buyers search specifically for them. In practice this means a CGC copy of a key issue often sells for somewhat more than the same grade in a CBCS holder, and sells faster.

Holder design. The cases differ in shape and in how the inner well holds the book; neither is superior for preservation, but some collectors prefer one look.

Grader notes. CBCS prints more detail about defects on many labels; CGC offers grader notes as a separate lookup.

Which should you choose?

  • For maximum resale value on a key issue, most dealers submit to CGC.
  • For a book with an unwitnessed signature you want authenticated, CBCS.
  • For personal collecting where you value the condition report itself, either.

The store lists both, and every listing states the grader and certification number so you can verify the book on the grader's own site. See also How to verify a CGC certification number.

Frequently asked

Will a CBCS 9.8 sell for the same as a CGC 9.8?
Often close, but not always the same. Because more buyers search for CGC copies and more CGC sales exist to anchor prices, the CGC copy tends to bring a little more. The gap is smaller for CBCS books with authenticated signatures, where CBCS has a unique offering.
Can I cross a CBCS book over to CGC?
Yes. CGC offers a crossover service where you set a minimum grade; if the book does not meet it, it is returned in the original CBCS holder. Crossovers are common for keys headed to auction.

Sources and further reading

Written by the Rare Comics Collectors grading team. Spotted an error or have a question this guide does not answer? Tell us.

  • Grading

    What is a CGC graded comic?

    A CGC graded comic is a comic book that Certified Guaranty Company (CGC) has examined, assigned a numeric grade from 0.5 to 10.0, and sealed in a tamper-evident plastic holder with a label that records the grade, the page quality and any restoration. The holder and label let a buyer trust the condition without opening the book.

    Updated Sep 14, 2026

  • Grading

    How are comics graded? The 10-point scale explained

    Comics are graded on a 10-point scale that runs from 0.5 (Poor) to 10.0 (Gem Mint), with 25 steps in between. Graders assess the book's structure, surface, spine, corners, page quality and completeness, then assign the highest grade the worst significant defect allows. CGC and CBCS both use this scale, which comes from the Overstreet grading standard.

    Updated Sep 14, 2026

  • Grading

    What do CGC label colours mean?

    The colour of a CGC label tells you what kind of grade you are looking at before you read a word: blue (Universal) means an unrestored book graded on its own merits, yellow (Signature Series) means a signature witnessed by CGC, purple (Restored) means the book has been repaired or altered, and green (Qualified) means one significant defect has been set aside from the grade.

    Updated Sep 14, 2026

  • Grading

    What is a Signature Series comic?

    A Signature Series comic is a book that was signed by a creator or celebrity in front of a CGC-authorised witness and then graded and sealed with a yellow label naming the signer. Because the signing was witnessed, the signature is guaranteed authentic without any later analysis. CBCS's equivalent is the yellow Verified Signature label.

    Updated Sep 14, 2026

  • Grading

    What does “restored” mean on a comic label?

    A restored comic has been repaired or altered to improve its appearance: colour touch to hide wear, tears sealed with glue, missing pieces replaced, edges trimmed, chemical cleaning, re-glossing or pages married in from another copy. CGC and CBCS disclose restoration on a purple label with the extent and quality of the work, and restored copies sell at a steep discount to unrestored copies of the same grade.

    Updated Sep 14, 2026

  • Grading

    What is page quality on a graded comic, and why does it matter?

    Page quality describes the colour of a comic's interior paper, from White through Off-White, Cream and Tan to Brittle. It is printed on the grading label separately from the numeric grade. Whiter pages mean the paper has aged less, so between two copies with the same grade the one with whiter pages is worth more and is a safer long-term hold.

    Updated Sep 14, 2026